DEVADARU (Heart Wood)
Devadaru consists of dried heart wood of Cedrus deodara (Roxb.) Loud. (Fam. Pinacem), a very large and tall ever green tree, upto 75m in height and ranging from 2.4 to 3.6 m in girth, occasionally even upto 13.5 m in girth, found in North Western Himalayas from Kashmir to Garhwal, between 1200 to 3000 m and also cultivated in Kumaon.
SYNONYMS
Sanskrit : Bhadradaru, Surabhuruha, Amaradaru, Devakastha, Daru, Suradaru, Amarataru
Assamese : Shajar Tuljeen
Bengali : Devdaroo
English : Deodar, Himalayan Cedar
Gujrati : Devdar, Teliyo Devdar
Hindi : Devdar, Devdaroo
Kannada : Deevdar
Kashmiri : —
Malayalam : Devtaram
Marathi : Devdar, Telya Dedaroo
Oriya : —
Punjabi : Diyar, Dewdar
Tamil : Devdaroo
Telugu : Devdari Chettu, Devdaree
Urdu : Deodar
DESCRIPTION
a) Macroscopic
Wood moderately hard, light yellowish-brown to brown; wood splits readily longitudinally; annual rings well marked; medullary rays appear as whitish lines; resin canals, if present, arranged in long tangential rows, showing up as dark, narrow line on the radial surface of the wood pieces; odour, aromatic; taste, not distinct.
b) Microscopic
Mature wood almost entirely of narrow, quadrangular or rarely five or six sided tracheids, having very thick-wall with pits and a narrow lumen; xylem rays very fine, numerous and run straight throughout the region, uniseriate and 2 to 16 cells high in tangential section; vessels absent.
Powder – Brownish-yellow in colour and oily, shows entire or fragments of tracheids and xylem ray cells.
IDENTITY, PURITY AND STRENGTH
Foreign matter Not more than 1 per cent, Appendix 2.2.2.
Total Ash Not more than 2 per cent, Appendix 2.2.3.
Acid-insoluble ash Not more than 1 per cent, Appendix 2.2.4.
Alcohol-soluble extractive Not less than 7 per cent, Appendix 2.2.6.
Water-soluble extractive Not less than 1.5 per cent, Appendix 2.2.7.
T.L.C.
T.L.C. of alcoholic extract on Silica gel ‘G’ using Toluene: Ethylacetate (9:1) shows under U.V. (366 nm) six fluorescent zones at Rf. 0.11. 0.18. 0.32. 0.46, 0.65 and 0.75 (all blue). On exposure to Iodine vapour seven spots appear at Rf. 0.14. 0.42. 0.51, 0.67, 0.78, 0.84 and 0.92 (all yellow). On spraying with Methanolic-Sulphuric acid reagent and on heating the plate for ten minutes at 105oC eight spots appear at Rf. 0.10 (violet), 0.18 (violet), 0.52 (grey), 0.64 (violet), 0.71 (violet). 0.78 (violet). 0.89 (violet), 0.92 (green).
CONSTITUENTS – Terpenoids, Flavonoids and Glycosides.
PROPERTIES AND ACTION
Rasa : Tikta
Guna : Laghu, Snigdha
Virya : Usna
Vipaka : Katu
Karma : Kaphahara, Vatahara, Dustavrana Sodhaka
IMPORTANT FORMULATIONS – Khadirarista, Dasamularista, Devadarvarista, Mrtasanjivanisura, Karpuradyarka, Pramehamihira Taila, Candanadi Curna, Sudarsana Curna, Narayana Taila, Pradarantaka Lauha, Vataraktanaka Lauha, Mahavisagarbha Taila
THERAPEUTIC USES – Sotha, Jvara, Krmi, Kandu, Pinasa, Vibandha, Adhmana, Tandra, Hikka, Prameha, Kasa, Kustha, Amavata, Raktavikara, Sutikaroga
DOSE – 3-6 g of the drug in powder form
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